دراسة جدوى استخدتم انظمة الاوزون لتنقية وتطهير المياه

مجموعة تكنولاب البهاء جروب

عميد دكتور

بهاء بدر الدين محمود

استشارى معالجة المياه

01229834104

دراسة جدوى لانظمة الاوزون فى تعقيم وتطهير المياه

Ozone is a molecule that consists of three negatively charged oxygen atoms.

The ozone molecule is very unstable and has a short half-live, causing it to fall back into its original form
after a while, according to the following reaction mechanism:

2O3 -> 3O2

Principally, an ozone molecule is nothing but an oxygen molecule that has received

an extra oxygen atom by electric high voltage.

Ozone is naturally produced through certain types of chemical reactions.

The most commonly known example is the ozone layer, in which ozone is produced

by ultra violet rays (UV), which derive from the sun.

Ozone is also formed during thunderstorms, in water falls and – allthough this is a less natural process

– in photochemical smog which forms in summer.

In thunderstorms, ozone forms as a result of the high volatges that are involved.

The specific fresh scent after a thunderstorm is caused by ozone formation.

When one speeks of ozone, the above-mentioned examples are immediately associated with it.

It is however less known that ozone can be artificially produced, so that it can be used for water treatment.

Ozone generators

can create ozone artificially by means of extremely high voltages or by means of UV-light.

Both methods involve the decomposition of the oxygen molecule.

This causes oxygen radical formation.

These oxygen radicals can bind to oxygen molecules, forming ozone (O3).

Ozone is one of the strongest known oxidants.

It can be used to technically burn dissolved compounds (oxidation).

The extra oxygen radical in an ozone molecule quickly binds to each component that comes in contact

with ozone molecules.
This is because of the instability of ozone and its inclination to return to its original form (O2).

Both organic and inorganic substances may be oxidized by ozone (oxidation),

but also microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria and fungi (disinfection).

This causes the extra oxygen radical to be released from the ozone molecule and to

bind to other materials,

so that only pure and stable oxygen molecules (O2) are left.

As a result of the above-metioned reaction mechanisms, ozone can be

used for a large variety of purposes.

Ozone is mainly applied in waste water and drinking water purification (for disinfection).

The application of ozone in the industrial branche is increasing.

The food industry uses ozone for disinfection and the textile industry uses ozone for color removal.

Ozone: introduction

Ozone disinfection Disinfection mechanism
Water can contain microorganisms and harmful pollutants.

Many of these impurities can be harmful to people, from a hygenic point of view.

Improved hygiene can prevent complaints that are caused by these impurities (e.g. disease, irritation, eczema).

This is why water that contains impurities must be disinfected.

Disinfection means purifying a medium up to the extend that it can no longer cause infective disease with humans, animals and plants that come in contact with the medium (mainly water).

Because of its high oxidation potential, ozone oxidizes cell components of the bacterial cell wall.

This is a consequence of cell wall penetration.

Once ozone has entered the cell, it oxidizes all essential components (enzymes, proteins, DNA, RNA).

When the celular membrane is demaged during this process, the cell will fall apart, This is called lysis

Figure 1: Bacterial lysis by ozone in 6 steps (see below)

Ozone disinfection steps:

1 – Computer animation of a bacterial cell
2 – Close-up of an ozone molecule on the bacterial cell wall
3 – Ozone penetrates the cell wall and causes corrosion
4 – Close-up of the effect of ozone on the cell wall
5 – Bacterial cell after it has come in contact with a number of ozone molecules
6 – Cell destruction (lysis)

Ozone disinfection Resistant microorganisms
Deactivation of resistant microorganisms
The last decennia protozoa, such as Cryptosporidium Parvam and Giardia Lambia, have caused a large number of epidemics in the United States and Great Britain through drinking water

In many cases, drinking water did comply with bacteriological quality standards.

Consequentially to resistance of Cryptosporidium Parvum and Giardia Lambia in the environment and their resistance to disinfectants, direct purification of surface water much comply to very strict quality demands.

Protozoa spread through the environment rapidly as (oö)cysts (spores), which live longer and are more resistant to disinfectants than bacteria or viruses.

In general, Cryptosporidium Parvum causes larger problems for drinking water treatment than Giardia Lambia does.

Cryptosporidium Parvum is 4 – 5 µm in size, which makes it difficult to remove by conventional filtration [6]. Giardia Lambia is 8 – 14 µm in size, which makes it easier to remove by conventional filtration than Cryptosporidium Parvum

Ozone Pure Water is as easy as O1 + O2 = O3
How is ozone made?
Ozone (O3 ) is found commonly in nature. Ozone is formed whenever lightning occurs, or when an electrical discharge creates a spark. The ozone layer in the upper atmosphere provides a protective screen against dangerous solar radiation.
The generation of ozone is a relatively simple process. Air, dry air or oxygen is drawn into our patented ozone generators, at which point the air is charged with high voltage. The air is made up of diatomic oxygen (O2 ) and nitrogen (N2 ) . Diatomic oxygen is a molecule composed of two oxygen atoms (O) held together by four equally shared electrons. As the air is drawn through the ozone generator, the high voltage splits some oxygen molecules into oxygen atoms. Some of these atoms then quickly react with oxygen molecules to form ozone: (O1 ) + (O2 ) = (O3 ) .
Ozone is second only to fluorine as the most powerful oxidant. Ozone inactivates and oxidizes organic metals and most organisms faster than chlorine. Ozone also functions as a micro flocculating agent to "polish" the water and improve clarity (clarifying iron, sulfur and manganese).
The Ozone Process Works In Three Easy Steps

1) Ozone Injection/Oxidation:
Ozone is a tri-atomic oxygen (O3) which has very high oxidizing power. It is a gas produced from air and high voltage electricity. The injection of the ozone into the water. Tiny ozone bubbles saturate every drop of water. At this point oxidation of iron, sulfur and manganese is immediate.

2) Aeration:
The elimination (off gassing or venting) of the ozone and other gasses/odors such as sulfur. This occurs by an ozone stripping action. As water flows down the Off Gas Tank, ozonated water rises and strips any gas in the incoming water. We have designed exclusive Self-Cleaning and Maintenance Free vent devices.

3) Filtration:
The final step for removing the oxidized material is filtration. We formulated It's a natural physical filter media requiring only water for backwash. No chemicals or oxidizing media is necessary. SP10 is non-porous and inert. It yields a high flow and requires a low backwash rate.
When sizing ozone equipment for a job, the same principles apply whether the job is residential, commercial or industrial.
Every Ozone Pure Water application is individually designed according to specifications. We will be pleased to quote on your requirements. Simply fill out our information form to relay your requirements to us, or contact us direct to discuss your requirements.

How Does The Ozone Pure Water Systems Work?
Iron/Iron
Bacteria: Soluble ferrous iron, which is not filterable, is oxidized (the process of adding oxygen) to insoluble ferric iron thus making it easily filtered. Bacterial iron can be killed through oxidation and by denying its food source (ferris iron).
Sulfur/Sulfur Bacteria:
Odorous hydrogen sulfide, which is not filterable, is quickly converted to elemental sulfur, which can be easily filtered. A portion of the sulfur is de-volatized and off gassed in step #2. Again, the bacterial form is killed and filtered.
Manganese:
Manganese is oxidized and filtered in the same manner as iron.

Bacteria:
Ozone oxidizes the organic material in bacterial membranes, which weakens the cell wall and leads to cellular rupture. This exposes the organism to the external environment, which causes almost immediate death of the cell. It's similar to a knife deeply cutting skin. (Bacteria systems are sized differently than iron, sulfur and manganese systems)

Ozone OCS units
Multiple- applications
Benefits of Ozone
Disinfection – Removal of bacteria, viruses and parasites
Oxidation – Removal of odour, color and taste
No hazardous by-products
Applications:
- Drinking water
- Bottled water
- Rinsing
- Food and beverage industry
- Cooling water
- Swimming pools
- Pharmaceutical industry

Low Energy Consumption, High Ozone Concentrations
Modular ICT ozone generators are available in 5 g/h until 100 g/h units.
The ozone production is variable between 10-100%.
Feed gas is oxygen.
The concentration is maximum 240 gr/m3 and nominal 135 gr/m3.
The ICT generators uses the state of the art flat ceramic cell technology, which has the advantage that the ozone is produced at lower energy consumption with high ozone concentrations (up to 240 gr/m3) and compact and modular design.
Advantages
Benefits of OCS flat ceramic cell generators:
- Low energy consumption
- Reduced oxygen demand
- Compact design allows for easy build in
- Extremely quiet in operation
- Low installation and maintenance costs
- Low investment and operating costs
- High reliability
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Components of OCS System:
- Stainless steel skid
- Ozone Generator ICT
- Oxygen Generator
- Pump (ozone resistant) and venturi injection system
- Ambient air monitoring
- Stainless steel control cabinet with signal exchange
- Low pressure switch (water)
- Cooling water flow switch

Optional accessories:
- Ozone in water measurement
- Stainless steel piping
- Water trap
- Ozone reaction tank with degassing and ozone destructor
- Closed loop cooling water system
- Tailor made systems for your application

Oxygen fed Ozone Generators
Model Max ozone
production (g/h) Cooling medium Power consumption (100% production) Weight
(kg)
OCS-5 5 Water 0,5 l/min. 500 55
OCS-10 10 Water 0,5 l/min. 500 55
OCS-20 20 Water 1 l/min. 700 65
OCS-40 40 Water 2 l/min. 950 70
OCS-60 60 Water 3 l/min. 1200 75
OCS-80 80 Water 4 l/min. 1450 80
OCS-100 100 Water 5 l/min. 1700 85
OCS-120 120 Water 6 l/min. 1950 95

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دراسة جدوى استخدتم انظمة الاوزون لتنقية وتطهير المياه Mole10

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دراسة جدوى استخدتم انظمة الاوزون لتنقية وتطهير المياه Ods-1010

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دراسة جدوى استخدتم انظمة الاوزون لتنقية وتطهير المياه Ozone_10

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دراسة جدوى استخدتم انظمة الاوزون لتنقية وتطهير المياه Ozone_11

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